The microclimate and the plant are two subsystems in the greenhouse that exchange matter and energy.
To understand the complexities of the crop responses to its environment and management practices as well as the dynamics of the greenhouse environment in response to external conditions, greenhouse characteristics, and management, the researchers have been developing models of greenhouse environments and crops. A review of greenhouse growth models and functional–structural plant models (FSPM) was also conducted.Ī greenhouse is a complex environment in which a variety of physical and biological phenomena occur that affect each other. In this chapter, with a review of the basics of climate models in greenhouses, the results and application of some climate dynamics models based on the energy balance as well as simulations performed with computational fluid dynamics are reviewed. Crop growth simulation models are quantitative tools based on scientific principles and mathematical relationships that can evaluate the different effects of climate, soil, water, and crop management factors on crop growth and development. In the energy balance models, the greenhouse climatic variables are considered uniformity and homogeneity, but in the computational fluid dynamics, the heterogeneity of the greenhouse environment can be shown by 3D simulation.
Climatic models are mainly obtained using energy balance or computational fluid dynamics. The dynamic greenhouse climate models are classified in mechanistic and black-box models (ARX). For simulation and prediction of the climate and plant growth changes in the greenhouse are necessary to provide mathematical models.
A greenhouse is a complex environment in which various biological and non-biological phenomena occur.
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